Surgical treatment methods and classification of proximal clavicle fracture / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To summarize the surgical treatment of different proximal clavicle fractures, and discuss the classification of proximal clavicle fractures.@*METHODS@#Total of 24 patients with displaced proximal clavicle fractures were treated from January 2017 to December 2020 including 16 males and 8 females, aged 28 to 66 years old. Among them, 20 cases were fresh fractures and 4 cases were old fractures. According to the Edinburgh classification, 14 cases were type 1B1 fractures and 10 cases were type 1B2 fractures. The different internal fixation methods were selected for internal fixation treatment according to different fracture types.The operation time, blood loss, preoperative and postoperative displacement difference, fracture healing time and Rockwood scoring system were recorded.@*RESULTS@#All patients were followed up for 12 to 24 months. There were no patients with infection or loss of reduction after the operation. Three patients had internal fixation failure after operation, and the internal fixation device was removed. Results The operation time was 30 to 65 min, and the blood loss was 15 to 40 ml. No important nerves, blood vessels, or organs were damaged. The imaging healing time was 3 to 6 months. According to the Rockwood functional score, the total score was (13.50±1.86), pain (2.57±0.50), range of motion (2.78±0.41), muscle strength (2.93±0.28), restricted daily activity (2.85±0.35), subjective results (2.63±0.61);the results were excellent in 20 cases, good in 3 cases, fair in 1 case.@*CONCLUSION@#Proximal clavicular fracture is a type of fracture with low incidence. According to different fracture types, different internal fixation methods and treatment methods can be selected, and satisfactory surgical results can be achieved.

Mid-term outcome of arthroscopic TightRope fixation of displaced lateral end clavicular fractures: Average follow-up of 6.1 years / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

PURPOSE@#Various surgical modalities are available to treat Neer types 2 and 5 unstable fractures of lateral end clavicle but none of them are standardized. Arthroscopic fixation of the displaced lateral end clavicle fractures provides good short-term results but mid- to long-term outcomes are not available. The purpose of this study was to show the mid- to long-term radiological and functional outcomes of these fractures treated arthroscopically by a TightRope device, and to show the complications associated with this procedure.@*METHODS@#A retrospective study was conducted over 2 years from January 2014 to December 2015 with a minimum 5-year follow-up. Active patients aged 18-50 years with acute (less than 3 weeks) displaced fracture of lateral end of the clavicle, with a minimum 5-year follow-up were included in the study. Patients with associated fractures of the proximal humerus, glenoid, scapula and acromioclavicular joint injuries were excluded from the study along with open fractures and neurovascular injuries. The outcomes were assessed by objective (complications and radiographic examination) and subjective criteria (quick disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand score, the Constant-Murley score and the visual pain analogue scale). The data were analyzed by SPSS version 21.0.@*RESULTS@#Totally, 42 patients were operated during the study period and 37 were available with a minimum 5-year follow-up. Thirty were male and 7 were female with a mean age of 29.5 years and a mean follow-up of 6.1 years. The mean quick disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand score was 68.2 ± 4.6 preoperatively and 1.27 ± 2.32 at final follow-up (p < 0.001); the mean visual pain analogue scale score was 6.85 ± 2.2 preoperatively and 0.86 ± 1.60 at final follow-up (p < 0.001). The average Constant-Murley score was 93.38 ± 3.25 at the end of the follow-up. There were 2 fixation failures, with established non-union and 3 patients developed radiographic acromioclavicular joint arthritis.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Arthroscopic TightRope fixation of displaced lateral end clavicular fractures provides good radiological and functional outcomes at mid- to long-term follow-up. With the low complication rates and high patient satisfaction, this technique can be considered as a primary option in the surgical treatment of these fractures.

Evaluación subjetiva de la hipoestesia subclavicular luego de una reducción abierta y fijación interna de fracturas de clavícula / Subjective evaluation of subclavicular hypoesthesia after open reduction and internal fixation of clavicle fractures

Introducción: Las fracturas de clavícula representan el 4% de las fracturas del adulto; el 80% son mediodiafisarias. Se ha de-mostrado que el tratamiento quirúrgico disminuye el riesgo de seudoartrosis, consolidación viciosa y dolor residual, aunque no está exento de complicaciones, como la hipoestesia regional (12-29%), entre otras. Objetivo: Evaluar la incidencia de hipoestesia subclavicular luego de una reducción abierta y fijación interna para una fractura de clavícula, si afecta la calidad de vida del paciente y cómo la afecta. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal analítico prospectivo de pacientes con una fractura mediodiafisaria desplazada de clavícula tratados con reducción abierta y fijación interna entre 2018 y 2021. Se utilizó un cuestionario elaborado por el equipo, que consistió en 6 preguntas para responder de forma anónima. Se evaluó la presencia de hipoestesia subclavicular, dolor regional y afectación de la vida cotidiana. Resultados: Se evaluó a 29 pacientes con un seguimiento posoperatorio mínimo de un año, operados mediante un abordaje longitudinal. Veintidós (76%) tenían alteración de la sensibilidad y siete (24%) negaron este síntoma. La hipoestesia subclavicular afectó la calidad de vida de manera leve o nula del 97% de los pacientes. Conclusión: Es importante advertirle al paciente antes de la cirugía sobre la posibilidad de hipoestesia cutánea como complicación posoperatoria, debido a su alta frecuencia, aunque es poco probable que dicha complicación afecte la calidad de vida. Nivel de Evidencia: IV

Introduction: Clavicle fractures account for 4% of adult fractures, with mid-shaft fractures accounting for 80%. Although surgical treatment reduces the risk of pseudarthrosis, malunion, and residual pain, it is not without complications such as regional hypoesthesia (12-29%). Objective: To determine the prevalence of subclavicular hypoesthesia following open reduction and internal fixation for clavicle fracture, as well as if and how it impacts the patient's quality of life. Materials and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional analytical study of patients with displaced clavicle midshaft fractures treated with ORIF between 2018-2021 was performed. The research team used a questionnaire with six items that were completed anonymously. The presence of infraclavicular hypoesthesia, regional pain, and daily life interference was assessed. Results: Twenty-nine patients treated surgically with a longitudinal approach and with a minimum postoperative follow-up of one year were evaluated. Twenty-two patients (76%) had altered sensitivity, whereas seven (24%) denied the existence of the symptom. In 97% of individuals with subclavicular hypoesthesia, quality of life was impaired minimally or not at all. Conclusions: Before undergoing surgery, it is important to inform the patient about the risk of cutaneous numbness as a postoperative consequence due to its high frequency but improbable impact on daily activities. Level of Evidence: IV

Minimally-Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis for Clavicle Fractures / Osteossíntese minimamente invasiva com placa para fraturas de clavícula

Abstract Objective To analyze the radiological, clinical, and functional outcomes of clavicle fractures treated with the minimally-invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) technique. Methods From June 2018 to July 2019, 17 cases of clavicular fractures were managed using the MIPO technique under C-arm fluoroscopy. The functional outcomes were assessed using the Constant-Murley score and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire. The clinical results of union, the complications, the operative time, the hospital stay, as well as infection, were analyzed. Results The mean follow-up time was of 10.41 1.75 months (range: 8 to 14 months). There were 11 male and 6 female patients, with a mean age of 39.05 10.76 years (range: 22 to 57 years). All fractures united on the mean time of 15.35 3.08 weeks (range: 12 to 20 weeks). The mean operative time was of 98.11 13.83 minutes (range: 70 to 130 minutes), and the mean length of the hospital stay was of 4.7 1.12 days (range: 3 to 7 days). The mean Constant-Murley score was of 74.82 6.36 in 4th postoperstive month, and of 92.35 5.48 in the 8th postoperative month, which was statistically significant. The mean DASH score was of 9.94 1.55 in the 4th postoperative month, and of 5.29 1.85 in the 8th postoperative month, which was also statistically significant. One patient had superficial skin infection at the site of the incision. Conclusions The MIPO technique is an alternative method for the fixation of clavicle fractures, but it is technically more demanding, and requires well-equipped operating room facilities.

Resumo Objetivo Analisar o resultado radiológico, clínico e funcional das fraturas da clavícula, tratadas pela técnica de osteossíntese com placa minimamente invasiva (MIPO). Métodos De junho de 2018 a julho de 2019, um total de 17 casos de fraturas claviculares foram tratadas com a técnica de osteossíntese com placa minimamente invasiva (MIPO), sob fluoroscopia com o braço em C. Os resultados funcionais foram avaliados por meio do escore de Constant-Murley e pelo escore de incapacidade do braço, ombro e mão (DASH). Foram analisados os resultados clínicos de consolidação, complicações, tempo cirúrgico, permanência hospitalar e infecção. Resultados O tempo médio de acompanhamento neste estudo foi de 10,41 1,75 meses (variação, 8 a 14 meses). Havia 11 pacientes do sexo masculino e seis do feminino, com média de idade de 39,05 10,76 anos (variação de 22 a 57 anos). Todas as fraturas se consolidaram no tempo médio de 15,35 3,08 semanas (variação, 12 a 20 semanas). O tempo cirúrgico médio foi de 98,11 13,83 minutos (variação, 70 a 130), sendo a permanência hospitalar média de 4,7 1,12 dias (variação de 3 a 7). O escore de Constant-Murley médio foi de 74,82 6,36 no 4° mês e 92,35 5,48 no 8° mês do pós-operatório, o que foi estatisticamente significativo. O escore DASH médio foi de 9,94 1,55 no 4° mês e 5,29 1,85 na 8ª semana do pós-operatório, também sendo estatisticamente significativo. Um paciente apresentou infecção cutânea superficial no local da incisão. Conclusões A técnica MIPO é um método alternativo para a fixação de fraturas da clavícula, porém é tecnicamente mais desafiador, já que necessita de instalações cirúrgicas mais bem equipadas.

Minimally Invasive Chevron Surgery and Bosch Percutaneous Osteotomy in Hallux Valgus Treatment. Midterm Results. Comparative Radiological Study / Cirurgia minimamente invasiva em chevron e osteotomia percutânea de Bosch no tratamento de hálux valgo. Resultados em médio prazo. Estudo radiológico comparativo

Abstract Objective The purpose of the present study is to compare the radiological results of angular correction and its maintenance in the medium term between two minimally invasive techniques for the treatment of hallux valgus (minimally invasive chevron surgery vs. Bosch technique). Methods A comparative prospective analysis of patients undergoing surgery for symptomatic hallux valgus deformity was performed. We compared two minimally invasive techniques in homogeneous groups of population. Two groups of 62 and 63 feet respectively, were constituted. We compared first ray angular corrections and consolidation as well as the correction power of both osteotomies and their maintenance over time. The postoperative complications and surgical time in both study groups were also evaluated. The minimum follow-up was 2 years. Results There were differences between both groups in the intermetatarsal angle at 24 months postsurgery. There were no differences between both groups regarding metatarsophalangeal angle, and distal metatarsal articular angle. There were no intraoperative complications in either group. The surgical time between both groups had statistically significant differences. Conclusions Both screw-stabilized, Bosch surgery and minimally invasive chevron (hybrid when associated with percutaneous Akin osteotomy) present adequate correction of moderate hallux valgus. However, patients treated with Bosch percutaneous surgery had a greater correction power of the intermetatarsal angle in the medium term, as well as a shorter surgical time, when compared with those who were treated with chevron osteotomy. Both techniques had a similar evolution over time regarding loss of correction and postoperative complications.

Resumo Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo é comparar os resultados radiológicos da correção angular e sua manutenção no médio prazo entre duas técnicas minimamente invasivas para o tratamento de hálux valgo (cirurgia minimamente invasiva em chevron vs. técnica de Bosch). Métodos Foi realizada uma análise prospectiva comparativa de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia para deformidade sintomática de hálux valgo. Comparamos duas técnicas minimamente invasivas em grupos homogêneos de população. Dois grupos de 62 e 63 pés, respectivamente, foram constituídos. Comparamos correções angulares de primeiro raio e consolidação, bem como o poder de correção tanto das osteotomias quanto de sua manutenção ao longo do tempo. As complicações pós-operatórias e o tempo cirúrgico em ambos os grupos de estudo também foram avaliados. O seguimento mínimo foi de 2 anos. Resultados Houve diferenças entre ambos os grupos no ângulo intermetatarsal aos 24 meses após a cirurgia. Não houve diferenças entre ambos os grupos em relação ao ângulo metatarsofalângico e ao ângulo articular metatarso-distal. Não houve complicações intraoperatórias em nenhum dos grupos. O tempo cirúrgico entre ambos os grupos apresentou diferenças estatisticamente significativas. Conclusões Sendo as duas técnicas estabilizadas por parafusos, tanto a osteotomia de Bosch quanto a cirurgia minimamente invasiva em chevron (híbrida quando associada à osteotomia percutânea de Akin) apresentam correção adequada de hálux valgo moderado. No entanto, os pacientes tratados com a osteotomia percutânea Bosch apresentaram maior poder de correção do ângulo intermetatarsal no médio prazo, bem como e menor tempo cirúrgico, em relação aos que foram tratados com osteotomia em chevron. Ambas as técnicas apresentaram evolução semelhante ao longo do tempo no que se refere à perda de correção e complicações pós-operatórias.

Recuperación total con tratamiento conservador de fractura de clavícula con criterio quirúrgico / Total Recovery With Conservative Treatment of Clavicle Fracture with Surgical Criteria

Introducción: Las fracturas de clavículas son lesiones bastante frecuentes que producen pérdida de la continuidad ósea. La fractura del tercio externo de la clavícula tipo 2B (según clasificación de Robinson), tiene criterio quirúrgico o tratamiento conservador, en el siguiente caso se consideró esta última posibilidad. Objetivo: Describir la evolución clínica de paciente que presentó fractura de clavícula con criterio quirúrgico, y que mediante acciones fisioterapéuticas oportunas logró una rápida y total recuperación. Presentación del caso: Paciente del sexo femenino con fractura del tercio externo de la clavícula de confirmación clínica radiográfica e intento fallido de reducción con alambre de Kishner y criterio quirúrgico el cual no se efectuó. Recibe tratamiento fisioterapéutico en el servicio de Rehabilitación Integral del Policlínico Docente Dr. Tomás Romay de Artemisa. Conclusiones: La paciente con fractura de clavícula Tipo 2B, según la clasificación de Robinson descrita, logró excelentes resultados funcionales. Tan solo en 8 semanas de tratamiento fisioterapéutico adecuado presentó una recuperación total de su sintomatología y la reincorporación sin limitaciones a su actividad social, por lo que se apoya el tratamiento conservador en este tipo de lesión(AU)

Introduction: Clavicle fractures are fairly common injuries that cause loss of bone continuity. The fracture of the external third of the clavicle type 2B, according to Robinson's classification, has surgical criteria or conservative treatment; in the following case the latter possibility was considered. Objective: To describe the clinical evolution of a patient who had clavicle fracture with surgical criteria, and who, through timely physiotherapeutic actions, achieved rapid and complete recovery. Case report: A case of a female patient with fracture of the external third of the clavicle is reported here. The clinical confirmation was achieved by radiographic studies. The attempt to reduction with Kishner wire failed. In addition, surgery was not carried out. She received physiotherapy treatment in the Comprehensive Rehabilitation service at Dr. Tomás Romay Teaching Polyclinic in Artemisa. Conclusions: The patient with type 2B clavicle fracture, according to the described Robinson classification, achieved excellent functional results. Only in 8 weeks of adequate physiotherapeutic treatment she had complete recovery of her symptoms and the reincorporation without limitations to her social activity, hence conservative treatment is supported in this type of injury(AU)

Erosión de la apófisis coracoides secundaria a osteosíntesis de fractura de clavícula distal. Reporte de un caso / Erosion of the coracoid process after distal clavicle fracture plate fixation. A case report

Introducción: El 10-30% de las fracturas de clavícula ocurren en el tercio distal. El diagnóstico se realiza con radiografías de hombro (de frente y de perfil, y proyección de Zanca). La mayoría de estas fracturas se tratan de forma conservadora, pero aquellas con gran desplazamiento, patrones transversos o conminutos pueden requerir tratamiento quirúrgico debido a la alta tasa de seudoartrosis. Se han descrito diversos tipos de fijación para este grupo de fracturas. Si bien la osteosíntesis con placas logra resultados clínico-funcionales y de consolidación satisfactorios, no está exenta de complicaciones y las más frecuentes son: intolerancia al material de osteosíntesis (hasta un 30%), infección, lesión neurovascular y seudoartrosis. Sin embargo, según nuestro conocimiento, no existen reportes sobre la osteólisis de la apófisis coracoides secundaria a la osteosíntesis con placa LCP en fracturas del tercio distal de la clavícula. Conclusión: La erosión de la apófisis coracoides debido a la fijación con placa y tornillos es una complicación que no ha sido publicada previamente. Debe tenerse extrema precaución al realizar el túnel óseo y al medir la longitud de los tornillos para evitar potenciales complicaciones. Nivel de Evidencia: IV

Background: Several surgical techniques have been developed to reduce the nonunion rate and improve functional outcomes after displaced distal clavicle fractures, including the use of a tension band, the modified Weaver-Dunn procedure, coracoclavicular screw fixation, or locking plates. None of these techniques have been universally accepted, and each one has its own complications. To our knowledge, there are no previous publications describing osteolysis of the coracoid process caused by the tip of a cortical screw of a distal LCP plate. Case summary: We present the case of a 29-year-old male patient who had been treated with an anatomic pre-contoured plate for a distal clavicle fracture. Six months later he presented to our institution with limiting shoulder pain and tenderness upon the right coracoid process. Standard radiographs of the shoulder showed that the tip of a cortical screw was eroding the coracoid process. A surgery with hardware removal was then performed. One month after the surgery the patient was painless and with a full active shoulder ROM. Conclusion: Erosion of the coracoid process with plate screw fixation has never been described before. We suggest that extreme precaution should be taken in drilling and measuring the length of screws to avoid potential complications. Level of Evidence: IV

Analysis of the effect of double button plate combined with strengthened anchor in the treatment of acromioclavicular dislocation / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the efficacy and prognosis of double button plate combined with strengthened anchor technique and clavicular hook plate internal fixation for complete acromioclavicular joint dislocation.@*METHODS@#From July 2017 to September 2020, a total of 42 patients with acromioclavicular joint dislocation treated by surgery were choosen as study objects and divided into observation group (21 cases) and control group (21 cases). In the observation group, there were 14 males and 7 females, aged 21 to 63 years old, with an average of (45.05±8.70) years old. In the control group, there were 16 males and 5 females, aged 25 to 68 years old, with an average of(45.00±9.44) years old. The patients in the observation group were treated with double button plate combined with strengthened anchor technique, whereas those in the control group received clavicular hook plate internal fixation. The two groups were compared in terms of operating time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hospital stay, shoulder pain(visual analogue scale, VAS) score, shoulder function Constant-Murley score and postoperative complications.@*RESULTS@#There was no significant difference between the two groups in intraoperative blood loss or postoperative hospital stay(P>0.05). The operating time of double button plate combined with strengthened anchor technique group (65.24±5.36) min was significantly longer than that of the clavicular hook plate group (48.81±4.72) min, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in shoulder function or pain degree between the two groups before operation (P>0.05). After 1 month, 3 months and 6 months, the Constant-Murley score of the observation group was 73.29±2.15, 85.43±1.47, 93.86±1.24 separately, which were significantly higher than those of the control group;and the VAS score was 2.76±0.62, 1.71±0.64, 0.57±0.51 separately, which were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). One instance of shoulder discomfort was found in the observation group, while 5 cases of shoulder pain, 2 cases of restricted shoulder mobility, and 1 case of subacromial bone absorption were found in the control group. In both group, there was no loss of reduction.@*CONCLUSION@#In the treatment of complete acromioclavicular joint dislocation double button plate combined with strengthened anchor technique achieves favorable clinical result. Internal fixation does not need to be removed. The recovery of shoulder joint function and pain relief are superior than clavicular hook plate internal fixation, which is more worthy of clinical promotion.

Case control study on T-plate combined with suture anchors for the treatment of Neer Ⅱb clavicle fractures / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical efficacy of distal radius T-plate combined with suture anchor and distal clavicle anatomical locking plate combined with suture anchor in the treatment of Neer Ⅱb distal clavicle fracture.@*METHODS@#From June 2014 to June 2018, 42 patients with Neer Ⅱb distal clavicle fractures were retrospectively analyzed. According to different surgical methods, they were divided into the observation group (T-shaped plate combined with suture anchor) and the control group (anatomical locking plate combined with suture anchor). There were 22 patients in the observation group and 20 patients in the control group. In the observation group, there were 13 males and 9 females, aged from 22 to 70 (45.78± 14.44) years old, 12 cases on the left side and 10 cases on the right side, 8 cases of traffic accident injury and 14 cases of fall. In the control group, there were 12 males and 8 females, aged from 24 to 66 (44.17±15.58) years, 13 cases on the left side and 7 cases on the right side, 6 cases of traffic accident injuryand 14 cases of fall. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss and fracture healing time were compared between the two groups, and Constant Murley score was used to evaluate shoulder joint function.@*RESULTS@#The patients in both groups were followed up for 18 to 24 (20.96±2.02) months. The incisions of both groups were healed at stageⅠ. The fracture ends of both groups were bony healed at the last follow up. There was no significant difference in operation time, intraoperative blood loss and fracture healing time between two groups (@*CONCLUSION@#The two methods can obtain satisfactory results in the treatment of Neer Ⅱb distal clavicle fractures, especially suitable for patients with comminuted distal clavicle fractures or osteoporosis; the clinical effect of the treatment of NeerⅡb distal clavicle fractures with T type distal radius plate combined with suture anchor is satisfactory, which provides another feasible treatment scheme for clinic.

Clinical Evaluation of the Surgical Treatment of Midshaft Clavicle Fractures at a Hospital in the South of Santa Catarina / Avaliação clínica do tratamento cirúrgico das fraturas do terço médio da clavícula em um hospital do sul de Santa Catarina

Abstract Objective To evaluate the results of the surgical treatment of fractures of the middle third of the clavicle. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study, in which 36 patients who suffered fractures of the middle third of the clavicle and who were surgically treated from January 2012 to February 2017 were evaluated. They were evaluated for types of fracture, age, smoking, osteosynthesis material, and Constant-Murley and Modified-University of California at Los Angeles Shoulder Rating Scale (UCLA-M) scores. Results The mean Constant-Murley and UCLA-M scores were 91.59 and 31.29 respectively. The mean age was 37.62 years, and it was statistically related to the type of osteosynthesis (p < 0.05), but the osteosynthesis material did not show significance with the improvement in the rates of the functional scores. Conclusion The surgical treatment provides good functional results after diaphyseal fractures of the clavicle, regardless of the line of the fracture, with a low rate of pseudarthrosis.

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar o resultado do tratamento cirúrgico de fraturas do terço médio da clavícula. Métodos Estudo transversal retrospectivo, em que foram avaliados 36 pacientes que sofreram fratura do terço médio da clavícula, que foram tratados cirurgicamente no período de janeiro de 2012 a fevereiro de 2017. Eles foram avaliados quanto aos tipos de fratura, idade, tabagismo, material de síntese, e escores de Constant-Murley e Modified-University of California at Los Angeles Shoulder Rating Scale (UCLA-M). Resultados As médias dos escores de Constant-Murley e UCLA-M foram de 91,59 e 31,29, respectivamente. A idade média foi de 37,62 anos, e apresentou relação estatística com o tipo de síntese (p < 0,05), mas o material de síntese não apresentou significância com a melhora de pontuação dos escores funcionais. Conclusão O tratamento cirúrgico ocasiona bons resultados funcionais após a fratura diafisária de clavícula, independente do traço da fratura, com baixa taxa de pseudoartrose.

Supraclavicular nerve and superior trunk block for surgical treatment of clavicle fracture in a patient with Steinert's disease - Case report / Bloqueio do nervo supraclavicular e do tronco superior para tratamento cirúrgico de fratura de clavícula em paciente portador de doença de Steinert - Relato de caso

Abstract Background and objectives: Ultrasound-guided upper limb blocks may provide great benefits to patients with serious diseases. Patients with Steinert's disease have muscle weakness and risk of triggering myotony or malignant hyperthermia due to the use of anesthetic agents and surgical stress. The objective of this report was to demonstrate a viable alternative for clavicle fracture surgery with upper trunk and supraclavicular nerve block, thus reducing the spread of local anesthetic to the phrenic nerve in a patient with muscular dystrophy. Case report: A 53-year-old male patient with Steinert's disease, associated with dyspnea, hoarseness and dysphagia, referred to the surgical theater for osteosynthesis of clavicle fracture. Upper limb (1 mL 0.75% ropivacaine) and supraclavicular nerve block (1 mL 0.75% ropivacaine in each branch) were combined with venous anesthesia with propofol under laryngeal mask (infusion pump target of 4 mcg.mL-1). Upon awakening, the patient had no pain or respiratory complaints. He was transferred to the ICU for immediate postoperative follow-up with discharge from this unit after 24 h without complications. Conclusions: The superior trunk and cervical plexus block associated with venous anesthesia under laryngeal mask, without the use of opioids, proved to be adequate in the case of a patient with clavicle fracture and Steinert's disease. With the use of ultrasonography in regional anesthesia it is possible to perform increasingly selective blocks, thus allowing greater security for the anesthetic-surgical procedure and lower morbidity for the patient.

Resumo Justificativa e objetivos: Bloqueios seletivos dos membros superiores guiados por ultrassom podem trazer grandes benefícios em pacientes portadores de doenças graves. Pacientes portadores da doença de Steinert apresentam fraqueza muscular e riscos de desencadear miotonia ou hipertermia maligna devido ao uso de agentes anestésicos e ao estresse cirúrgico. O objetivo deste relato foi mostrar uma opção viável para a cirurgia de fratura de clavícula com bloqueio do tronco superior e nervo supraclavicular, diminui-se assim a dispersão do anestésico local para o nervo frênico em paciente com distrofia muscular. Relato de caso: Paciente do sexo masculino, 53 anos, portador de doença de Steinert, associada a dispneia, rouquidão e disfagia. Encaminhado ao bloco cirúrgico para osteossíntese de fratura de clavícula. Feito bloqueio de tronco superior (1 mL ropivacaína a 0,75%) e de nervo supraclavicular (1 mL de ropivacaína 0,75 em cada ramificação) associado à anestesia venosa com propofol sob máscara laríngea (alvo de 4 mcg.mL-1 em bomba de infusão). Ao despertar, o paciente apresentava-se sem dor ou queixas respiratórias. Admitido em CTI para acompanhamento do pós-operatório imediato com alta dessa unidade após 24 horas sem intercorrências. Conclusões: O bloqueio do tronco superior e do plexo cervical associado à anestesia venosa sob máscara laríngea, sem uso de opioides, mostrou-se adequado no caso de fratura da clavícula em paciente com doença de Steinert. Com o uso da ultrassonografia em anestesia regional é possível fazer bloqueios cada vez mais seletivos e possibilitar assim maior segurança para o procedimento anestésico-cirúrgico e menor morbidade para o paciente.

Fractura de clavícula: Técnica mínimamente invasiva / Minimally invasive approach for clavicular fractures

Objetivo: Describir la técnica quirúrgica mínimamente invasiva con placa regional bloqueada para fracturas mediodiafisarias de clavícula y mostrar nuestros resultados clínicos y radiográficos. Materiales y Métodos: Se evaluó, en forma retrospectiva, a 15 pacientes (12 hombres y 3 mujeres, media de la edad, 32.4 años [rango 17-51]) con fractura de clavícula, tratados con reducción y osteosíntesis con placa superior bloqueada anatómica mediante una técnica mínimamente invasiva. Según la clasificación de Allman, 12 pacientes tenían fractura de clavícula tipo I y tres, tipo II. Resultados: El tiempo promedio de cirugía fue de 53 minutos (rango 51-65). Se logró la consolidación de todas las fracturas en un promedio de 13.3 semanas (rango 12-15). No hubo seudoartrosis ni consolidaciones viciosas. El puntaje promedio de Constant fue de 98 (rango 95-100). Todos los pacientes se manifestaron satisfechos con los resultados estéticos y funcionales. Conclusiones: Este estudio demuestra que la técnica mínimamente invasiva para las fracturas mediodiafisarias de clavícula, utilizando placas regionales anatómicas bloqueadas superiores, puede ser un procedimiento reproducible y una alternativa a las técnicas quirúrgicas convencionales. Además, los resultados clínicos y radiográficos satisfactorios se obtuvieron sin complicaciones mayores y sin disestesias en la zona de la herida. Nivel de Evidencia: IV

Objectives: To describe the minimally invasive locking plate approach for midshaft clavicular fractures, and report our radiographic and clinical results. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated fifteen patients (12 men and 3 women, mean age: 32.4 years [range 17-51]) with clavicular fractures who underwent minimally invasive superior locking plate osteosynthesis and reduction. According to Allman classification of clavicular fractures, 12 patients had a type I fracture, while 3 had a type II fracture. Results: The average operating time was 53 minutes (range 51-65). Union was achieved in all patients in an average of 13.3 weeks (range 12-15). Patients were satisfied with cosmetic and functional results. Conclusions: This study shows that minimally invasive superior locking plate approach for midshaft clavicular fractures can be a reproducible procedure and an alternative to conventional surgical approaches. Clinical and radiological results were achieved without major complications and wound dysesthesia. Level of Evidence: IV

Claviculectomía total como procedimiento de rescate: Reporte de un caso y revisión bibliográfica / Total claviculectomy as a rescue procedure. Case report and literature review

La seudoartrosis de clavícula es una causa infrecuente de síndrome del opérculo torácico. Se describe un caso de plexopatía braquial por seudoartrosis previamente infectada de clavícula. La paciente fue sometida a una claviculectomía total para aliviar los síntomas. Del análisis de la literatura citada, se concluye en que la claviculectomía total es una opción por considerar si se han agotado las opciones terapéuticas. Los resultados funcionales pueden ser satisfactorios cuando se la indica por infección, plexopatía o sarcoma. Nivel de Evidencia: IV

Clavicle non-union is an uncommon cause of thoracic outlet syndrome. A case of brachial plexopathy by previously infected clavicle pseudarthrosis is described. Total claviculectomy was performed for symptom relief. From literature analysis we conclude that total claviculectomy is an option to be taken into account when therapeutic options have exhausted. Functional results could be adequate when total claviculectomy is indicated in cases of infection, plexopathy or sarcoma. Level of Evidence: IV

Reconstrucción artroscópica de fracturas del extremo distal de clavícula / Arthroscopic reconstruction of distal clavicle fractures

La fractura de clavícula representa 35 a 45 % de las fracturas de la cintura escapular, y de ellas el 15-25% comprometen el extremo distal de ella. El objetivo de esta publicación es describir nuestra técnica de reconstrucción artroscópica de las fracturas del extremo distal de clavícula con sistema AC TigthRope o sistema DogBone con sutura fibertape. La reconstrucción y estabilización artroscópica de las fracturas inestables del extremo distal de la clavícula con sistema AC TigthRope o sistema Dogbone ambos con sutura FiberTape mas la estabilización del fragmento distal de la fractura mediante suturas transósea permite una fijación estable para la consolidación de la misma. La técnica descripta permite rápida recuperación funcional y el retorno a las actividades de la vida diaria. Tipo de Trabajo: Técnica Quirúrgica. Nivel de Evidencia: V.

Fractures of the clavicle represent between 35 to 45% of all the fractures of the shoulder girdle, and 15 to 25% of these are of the distal clavicle. The purpose of this study is to describe our arthroscopic reconstruction technique of the distal clavicle using the AC Tightrope or DogBone Systems with fibertape. The arthroscopic reconstruction and stabilization of ustable distal clavicle fractures with the AC TightRope or DogBone Systems both with Fibertape with stabilization of the unstable bone fragments with trans oseous sutures allow a stable fixation until it consolidates. The technique described allows a fast recovery and retour to the activities of daily living. Type of Study: Surgical Technique. Level of Evidence: V.

Fractura de clavícula distal con cortical superior indemne: cirugía mínimamente invasiva / Distal clavicle fracture with intact upper cortex: minimally invasive surgery

INTRODUCCIÓN Las fracturas de clavícula distal desplazadas son manejadas generalmente de manera quirúrgica dada la alta probabilidad de no-unión con el tratamiento ortopédico. El propósito de este trabajo es evaluar el uso del sistema de fijación con doble botón cortical para la reducción y estabilización de la fractura de clavícula distal que presenten indemnidad de la cortical superior. MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo observacional clínico-imagenológico de pacientes con fractura desplazada de clavícula distal operados con técnica mínimamente invasiva mediante reducción con sistema de fijación con doble botón cortical. Se describe como criterio radiológico de "Cortical Superior Indemne (CSI)" la presencia del rasgo de fractura a 1cm o más, hacia distal desde el tubérculo conoide, identificándose ese criterio como característica necesaria para la indicación del tratamiento propuesto. Se describen las complicaciones post-operatorias, progresión radiológica y resultados funcionales. RESULTADOS: 21 pacientes fueron tratados con esa técnica con un seguimiento promedio de 23,4 meses. No hubo casos de no unión, infección o herida dehiscente y ningún paciente requirió el retiro del dispositivo. Se encontró un Simple Shoulder Test (SST) promedio de 79,4 (66 - 91,7) y QuickDASH de 11 (6,8 - 15,9). El 87,5% de las fracturas desplazadas de clavícula distal tenían indemnidad de la cortical superior. CONCLUSIÓN: La técnica mínimamente invasiva para la reducción y fijación de la fractura de clavícula distal desplazada con botones corticales es una alternativa simple, reproducible, con pocas complicaciones y excelentes resultados funcionales.

BACKGROUND: Displaced distal clavicle fractures are commonly managed through surgery due to a high probability of nonunion with conservative treatments. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of Flip-buttons as a minimally invasive method for fixing and stabilizing displaced distal clavicle fractures when the upper cortical it́s intact. METHODS: A retrospective observational study of radiological and clinical results of patients with displaced distal clavicle fracture that were treated with the Flip-button technique. The indication for using this surgical method was based on the radiological criteria of "Intact Upper Cortical (IUC)" described by the authors as the presence of the fracture 1cm or more, distally to de conoid tubercle. Post-operative complications, radiologic and functional progress were recorded. RESULTS: 21 patients were treated with this technique, all with complete bony union. No patients presented infection or wound dehiscence and implant removal was not necessary in any case. The mean follow-up was of 23,4 months. The mean score in Simple Shoulder Test (SST) was 79,4 (66 - 91,7) and a mean QuickDASH of 11 (6,8 - 15,9). 87,5% of all the displaced distal clavicle fractures had IUC. CONCLUSION: The minimally invasive technique for the reduction and fixation of the displaced distal clavicle fracture with cortical buttons is a simple and reproducible alternative, with few complications and excellent functional results.

Are diaphyseal clavicular fractures still treated traditionally in a non-surgical way? / Fraturas da diáfise da clavícula ainda são tratadas tradicionalmente, de forma não cirúrgica?

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the decision of orthopedics surgeons regarding which cases they would indicate surgery or non-surgical treatment. METHODS: 20 images of radiographs with fracture in the middle third of the collar bone (AO/OTA 15-B) in anteroposterior view were analyzed, and divided into four groups: group 1 - fracture type AO/OTA 15-B1 without displacement; group 2 - fracture type AO/OTA 15-B1 with displacement; group 3 - fracture type AO/OTA 15-B2; group 4 - fracture type AO/OTA 15-B3. The evaluator was requested to indicate the choice of treatment, surgical or non-surgical. RESULTS: There was no strong correlation between the amount of surgical indications and the working experience or age of the medical evaluator. It was observed that the average of surgical indications in the total sample was 52%. When indications were studied in different areas of Brazil, there was no significant difference among them. No pattern for the Brazilian regions studied was observed in the case analysis. Even within a group (cases of the same complexity), no specific pattern of surgical indication was observed. CONCLUSION: No association between surgical indication and the length of professional experience was found. The Southern and Southeastern regions were those that most recommended surgeries in groups 2, 3, and 4. In no region the same level of surgical indication for cases of the same complexity rate was kept.

RESUMO OBJETIVO: Avaliar a decisão de cirurgiões ortopédicos sobre em que casos indicariam a cirurgia ou tratariam não cirurgicamente. MÉTODOS: Foram analisadas 20 imagens de radiografias com fratura do terço médio da clavícula (AO/OTA 15-B) em incidência anteroposterior, que foram divididas em quatro grupos: 1 - fratura do tipo AO/OTA 15-B1 sem desvio; 2 - fratura do tipo AO/OTA 15-B1 com desvio; 3 - fratura do tipo AO/OTA 15-B2; 4 - fratura do tipo AO/OTA 15-B3. Ao avaliador, foi solicitado que indicasse o tipo de tratamento: cirúrgico ou não cirúrgico. RESULTADOS: Não houve correlação forte entre a quantidade de indicações cirúrgicas e o tempo de atuação do médico avaliador ou sua idade. Verificou-se que a média de indicação de cirurgias no total da amostra foi de 52%. Quando estudadas as indicações por diferentes regiões do Brasil, não houve diferença significativa. Não foi verificado qualquer padrão para as regiões brasileiras na análise por caso. Mesmo dentro de um grupo (casos de mesma complexidade), não foi verificado um padrão específico de indicação cirúrgica. CONCLUSÃO: Não foi verificada associação entre a indicação cirúrgica e o tempo de atuação do profissional. As regiões Sul e Sudeste são as que mais recomendam a cirurgia dos grupos 2, 3 e 4. Verificou-se que em nenhuma região foi mantido o mesmo nível de indicação de cirurgias para casos do mesmo grau de complexidade.

A retrospective study of titanium elastic stable intramedullary nailing in displaced mid-shaft clavicle fractures / Estudo retrospectivo de haste intramedular estável elástica de titânio em fraturas deslocadas do terço médio da clavícula

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to analyze the functional outcome following titanium elastic stable intra-medullary nailing (ESIN) for displaced mid-shaft clavicular fractures (DMCF). METHODS: A retrospective study of 60 patients between March 2009 and March 2015 was conducted. Patients were selected based on the inclusion criteria. Six patients were lost during follow up. Out of the remaining 54 patients, there were 39 males and 15 females. The mean age was 30.6 years. The functional outcome was analyzed using the Constant score, rate of bone union, complication, and earliest time of return to work. RESULTS: All fractures united well, with an average time of 7.5 weeks. Follow-up period ranged between 12 months and 18 months (average, 14 months). 24 out of 54 patients had closed nailing, while 30 had minimal open reduction. The average size of ESIN was 2 mm (range, 1.5-3 mm). The average Constant score was 97.8 (range, 95-99). There were no major complications, but minor complications occurred, viz. skin irritation in 15 patients, temporary paresthesia in five patients, and three patients who developed superficial infections. One case had implant migration and perforation at the lateral cortex, and one case had delayed union. There were few implant-related problems, as the authors used a standard protocol to remove it after radiological union. All patients returned to work within 10 weeks of the post-operative period. CONCLUSION: ESIN is a safe, minimally invasive, engenders rapid healing with good cosmesis, and provides an excellent functional outcome in terms of patient satisfaction, with fewer complications.

RESUMO OBJETIVO: Analisar o desfecho funcional após o uso de haste intramedular estável elástica de titânio (HIEET) em fraturas deslocadas do terço médio da clavícula (FDMC). MÉTODOS: Fez-se um estudo retrospectivo de 60 pacientes, selecionados com base nos critérios de inclusão, entre março de 2009 e março de 2015. Houve perda de seguimento de seis. Dos 54 restantes, 39 eram homens e 15 mulheres. A média de idade foi de 30,6 anos. O desfecho funcional foi analisado pela escala de Constant, taxa de união óssea, taxa de complicação e pelo tempo de retorno ao trabalho. RESULTADOS: Todas as fraturas apresentaram boa união, em uma média de 7,5 semanas. O período de acompanhamento variou entre 12 e 18 meses (média: 14). Em 24 dos 54 pacientes usou-se redução fechada com hastes intramedulares; nos outros 30, foi usada a redução aberta com fixação mínima. O tamanho médio da HIEET foi de 2 mm (variação: 1,5-3 mm). A média da escala de Constant foi de 97,8 (variação: 95-99). Nenhum paciente apresentou complicações de grande porte, mas algumas complicações de pequeno porte foram observadas, a saber: irritação da pele em 15, parestesia temporária em cinco e infecções superficiais em três. Observou-se um caso de migração do implante e perfuração no córtex lateral; um caso teve união atrasada. A taxa de problemas relacionados ao implante foi baixa, uma vez que os autores usaram um protocolo padrão para removê-lo após a união radiológica. Todos os pacientes retornaram ao trabalho em até dez semanas após a cirurgia. CONCLUSÃO: A HIEET é um método seguro, minimamente invasivo, que gera cicatrização rápida com boa cosmesis e proporciona um excelente resultado funcional em termos de satisfação do paciente, com menos complicações.

Tratamiento quirúrgico de las fracturas mediodiafisarias desplazadas de clavícula mediante placas precontorneadas con técnica mininvasiva / Surgical treatment of clavicle displaced midshaft fractures with pre-contoured plates using mini invasive technique (MIPO)

Introducción: Las fracturas mediodiafisarias de clavícula representan hasta el 10% de las fracturas del esqueleto. El tratamiento conservador brinda buenos resultados con baja incidencia de complicaciones. Sin embargo, en trazos desplazados, multifragmentarios o con deformidad significativa, se debe considerar la cirugía. El propósito de esta serie retrospectiva es exponer nuestra experiencia en el tratamiento de fracturas cerradas, desplazadas y mediodiafisarias de clavícula con placas precontorneadas mediante la técnica MIPO, describir la técnica y los resultados funcionales preliminares. Materiales y Métodos: Serie retrospectiva de 13 pacientes (11 varones [84,6%] y 2 mujeres [15,4%]), media de la edad: 31 años, con fracturas diafisarias cerradas desplazadas de clavícula de tipo 2B de Robinson (Edimburgo), tratadas mediante reducción y osteosíntesis con placas precontorneadas con MIPO, entre abril de 2010 y noviembre de 2013. Seguimiento promedio: 13 meses (rango 11-25). Se realizaron controles radiográficos y tomografías computarizadas, valorando la funcionalidad mediante las escalas de Constant-Murley modificada, QuickDASH y el dolor con la escala analógica visual. Resultados: El tiempo promedio hasta la cirugía fue de 8 días; la cirugía duró 35 minutos y el tiempo de internación posoperatoria fue de 1.28 días. La consolidación clínico-radiológica se registró en una media de 15.2 semanas. El puntaje promedio de Constant-Murley modificado fue 88; el de QuickDASH, 26,9 y la escala analógica visual arrojó un valor de 0,3. No hubo complicaciones sistémicas ni cosméticas. Conclusión: La osteosíntesis mínimamente invasiva en fracturas cerradas mediodiafisarias desplazadas de clavícula representó una técnica reproducible con un tiempo quirúrgico reducido y puntajes funcionales aceptables, sin complicaciones de relevancia. Nivel de Evidencia: IV

Introduction: Midshaft clavicular fractures represent up to 10% of skeleton fractures. Conservative treatment usually provides good results with low incidence of complications. However, surgical treatment should be considered in displaced, multifragmentary fractures or cases with significant deformity. The purpose of this retrospective case series is to report our experience in the treatment of closed and displaced midshaft clavicular fractures with pre-contoured plates using MIPO technique, to describe the technique and report preliminary functional results. Methods: Retrospective series of 13 patients (11 males [84.6%] and 2 females [15.4%], mean age: 31 years), with closed and displaced midshaft clavicle fractures classified as type 2B according to Robinson (Edinburgh) treated by reduction and internal fixation with pre-contoured plates osteosynthesis using minimally invasive technique (MIPO) between April 2010 and November 2013. Mean follow-up: 13 months (range 11-25). Radiographic and tomographic controls were carried out to assess function using modified Constant-Murley scale, QuickDASH Questionnaire and the visual analogue scale to evaluate pain. Results: Average time to surgery was 8 days, surgical time: 35 minutes, days in hospital after surgery: 1.28. Clinical and radiological consolidation was recorded at 15.2 weeks on average. The average modified Constant-Murley score was 88, QuickDASH 26.9 and visual analogue scale 0.3. No systemic or cosmetic complications were recorded. Conclusion: Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) in displaced and closed midshaft clavicle fractures represented a reproducible technique with reduced surgical time and acceptable functional scores. Level of Evidence: IV

Osteolisis postraumática de la clavícula / Ostéolyse post-traumatique de clavicule / Post-traumatic osteolysis of the clavicle

La osteolisis postraumática de la clavícula es una entidad de presentación rara que consiste en una osteopenia severa del extremo distal de este hueso, causada por un trauma agudo o por microtraumas a repetición. Se presenta un caso de osteolisis postraumática de la clavícula en deportista de alto rendimiento practicante de lucha grecorromana al que se realizó como tratamiento una resección del extremo distal de la clavícula. La evolución del paciente fue muy satisfactoria, recuperó íntegramente el movimiento del hombro, y el dolor desapareció. A los 2 meses de la cirugía comenzó el entrenamiento progresivo y a los 4 meses ya estaba incorporado totalmente al programa de competencias de su deporte(AU)

Post traumatic osteolysis of the clavicle is a rare presentation entity consisting of a severe osteopenia of the distal end of the bone, caused by acute trauma or microtrauma to repeat. A case of post-traumatic osteolysis of the clavicle is presented in a high performance wrestling athlete who received as treatment resection of the distal end of his clavicle. Patient outcome was very satisfactory, shoulder movement was fully recovered, and the pain disappeared. Two months after surgery, progressive training began. Four months after, he was fully incorporated into the competitions program of his sport(AU)

L'ostéolyse post-traumatique de clavicule est une affection rare consistant à une ostéopénie sévère de l'extrémité distale de cet os, causée par un traumatisme aigu ou par microtraumatismes répétés. Un cas d'ostéolyse post-traumatique de clavicule chez un athlète de lutte gréco-romaine, traité par résection de l'extrémité distale de la clavicule, est présenté. L'évolution du patient a été très satisfaisante, il a complètement récupéré le mouvement de l'épaule et la douleur a disparu. Deux mois après la chirurgie, il a commencé progressivement à entraîner, et au bout de quatre mois il s'est tout à fait réincorporé au programme de compétitions de son sport(AU)

Fijacion minimamente invasiva con doble boton de fracturas de clavicula distal en deportistas / Minimally invasive double button fixation for lateral clavicle fractures in athletes

Introducción: La unión temprana y el rápido retorno a la función previa son la prioridad en los atletas jóvenes con fracturas desplazadas de clavícula distal. Además es esencial evitar la pseudoartrosis en este grupo de pacientes ya que la misma se asocia a dolor persistente, restricción del movimiento y pérdida de la fuerza y resistencia del hombro Diseño: Serie de casos Nivel de evidencia IV Materiales y Métodos: Un total de 21 deportistas con fracturas desplazadas de clavícula distal fueron tratados con reducción cerrada y fijación con doble botón a través de un abordaje mínimamente invasivo entre marzo de 2008 y octubre de 2013. Los pacientes respondieron un cuestionario focalizado en el tiempo de vuelta al deporte. Los resultados funcionales se evaluaron con el score de Constant y la versión corta del score de Discapacidad del brazo, del hombro y de la mano (Quick DASH). El dolor se evaluó con la escala visual análoga. (EVA). Se evaluaron las radiografías postoperatorias para identificar tiempo de consolidación, pseudoartosis y consolidaciones viciosas. Resultados: De los 21 pacientes, 20 retornaron al deporte. Todos retornaron al mismo nivel. El tiempo promedio de vuelta al deporte fue de 78 días (rango 41 -120 días). Cuatro pacientes (19%) volvieron al deporte antes de las seis semanas luego de la cirugía, 14 (67%) retornaron entre las seis y las 12 semanas luego de la cirugía y tres (14%) retornaron luego de las 12 semanas. El score de Constant promedio fue 89,1 ± 4,2 (rango, 79-100). El Quick-DASH promedio fue 0,4 ± 2,6 (rango, 0-7,1). El dolor según la EVA fue de 0,4 ± 1,0 (rango, 0-3) al final del seguimiento. La única complicación fue una pseudoartrosis asintomática. No se requirió retiro del material en ningún paciente. Conclusiones: La reducción cerrada y la fijación con doble botón de las fracturas desplazadas de clavícula a travé...

Background: Early union and rapid return to prior function is the priority in young athletes with lateral clavicular fractures. Furthermore it is essential to avoid nonunion in this subgroup of patients since it is frecuently associated with persistent pain, restriction of movement and loss of strength and endurance of the shoulder. Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the time to return-to-sport, functional outcomes and complications of a group of athletes with displaced lateral clavicular fractures treated using close reduction and minimally invasive double button fixation. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A total of 21 athletes with displaced lateral clavicle fractures were treated with closed reduction and minimally invasive double button fixation between March 2008 and October 2013. Patients completed a questionnaire focused on the time to return-to-sport and treatment course. Functional outcomes were assessed with the Constant score and short version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (Quick DASH) questionnaire. Pain was evaluated with the visual analog scale (VAS). Radiographs were reviewed to identify radiographic union time, malunion, and nonunion. Results: Of the 21 patients, 20 returned to sports after closed reduction and minimally invasive double button fixation; 100 % returned to the same level. The mean time to return to play was 78 days (range, 41 - 120 days). Four patients (19%) returned to sports in less than 6 weeks after surgery Fourteen (67%) returned to sports between 6 and 12 weeks after surgery and three (14%) returned to sports after 12 weeks. The mean Constant was 89.1 ± 4.2 (range, 79-100) The average Quick-DASH was 0.4 ± 2.6 (range, 0-7.1). Pain was 0.4 ± 1.0 (range, 0-3) at final follow-up according to VAS. The only...